Ammonium Polypropoxypolyethoxydecyl Sulfate
Synonyms
Oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane, mono(hydrogen sulfate), decyl ether, ammonium salt;
Category
Anionic Surfactant
> Sulfate
>> Alcohol Polyether Sulfate
>>> Alcohol Polyoxypropylene Polyoxyethylene Ether Sulfate
>>>> Linear Alkanol Polyoxypropylene Polyoxyethylene Ether Sulfate
Chemical Numbering System
CASRN：65423-86-1
EINECS：N/A
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: (C3H6O.C2H4O)x.C10H22O4S.H3N
Molecular Weight: N/A
Structure
Schematic formula:
Properties
Appearance liquid to solid.
Solubility slightly soluble to soluble in water. The solubility varies with EO/PO value.
Stability stable in weak acid and hard water; unstable in strong acid, easily hydrolyzes; unstable in alkali, releases ammonia.
Risk irritation, irritation to skin, eye.
GHS (Rev.10) label: 
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent cleansing, foaming, emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, solubilizing, permeating abilities. Resistant to hard water. Good compatibility with anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants. Foaming performance is unaffected by water hardness. In the synthesis reaction, order of addition of monomers has a significant effect on the performance.
Note (1), 1,4-dioxane generated during preparation: probable carcinogen. However, can be acceptable when concentration of 1,4-dioxane is less than 30ppm or less.
Synthesis
Currently, sulfated reaction through continuous reactor (such as: falling film reactor) is the most widely used method for preparing sulfates.
1, Synthesis of polyether
Obtain by polymerization reaction of decyl alcohol and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide.
For further information, see:
US patent 4,967,017 Alcohol ethoxylates of reduced EO content or residual PO content; US patent 7,528,288 Method for production of polyether alcohols (mainly describe the synthesis of polyether polyols); US patent 7,348,460 Method for producing alkanol alkoxylates at optimal reaction temperatures; US patent 7,268,259 Random fatty alcohol alkoxylates with low temperature stability, and methods of producing and using the same, etc.
2, Synthesis of sulfate
Decyl alcohol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether and sulfur trioxide react through reactor, then ammonia neutralizes, finally obtain product.
US patent 8,921,588 (Process for preparing sulfates and/or sulfonates in a micro-reaction system) presents a synthetic process. Conditions: mole ratio of sulfur trioxide and polyethers or other raw materials: 1:1; temperature: 30-60°C; reactor: falling film reactor.
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
10.0* |
|
Ethanol insoluble materials, %, ≤ |
2.0 |
|
pH (25°C, 5% solution) |
6.5 - 9.5 |
|
Color, Klett, 5% solution, ≤ |
120 |
|
Density, g/mL, 25°C, approx |
1.05 (Liquid) |
|
1,4-Dioxane, ppm, ≤ |
30 |
|
*: Often with other ingredients, appear in the form of a mixture. |
|
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 5173 Surface active agents and detergents－Determination of anionic-active matter by direct two-phase titration procedure
ISO 2271 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Determination of anionic-active matter by manual or mechanical direct two-phase titration procedure
(2), Ethanol insoluble materials
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents - Detergents - Testing methods
(3), pH
GB/T 6368 Surface active agents - Determination of pH of aqueous solution - Potentiometric method
ISO 4316 Surface active agents -- Determination of pH of aqueous solutions -- Potentiometric method
(4), Color (Klett)
GB/T 8447 Industrial linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, Appendix A
(5), Density
GB/T 4472 Determination of density and relative density for chemical products
ISO 758 Liquid chemical products for industrial use -- Determination of density at 20 degrees C
(6), 1,4-Dioxane
GB/T 26388 Determination of dioxane residues in surfactants - Gas chromatographic method
ISO 17280 Surface active agents -- Determination of 1,4-dioxan residues in surfactants obtained from epoxyethane by gas chromatography
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/Kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/Kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents - Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents - Determination of total arsenic
3, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
Use as foaming agent.
Use as solubilizing agent.
Use as cleansing agent.
Use as antifoaming agent.
Use as wetting agent.
2, Household detergents
Use as cleansing agent, emulsifying agent, solubilizing agent.
3, Industrial cleaning agents
Use as cleansing agent, emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
4, Textile, printing and dyeing
Use as high-temperature leveling agent, wetting agent.
5, Emulsion polymerization
Emulsifier, particle size controlling agent in emulsion polymerization.
Product members
Manufacturers
Update: 20131021(1); 20170110(2);