TEA-C11-15 pareth sulfate
Synonyms
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-C11-15-alkyl-omega-sulfooxy-, triethanolamine salt;
Sulfuric acid, alcohols C11-15 ethoxylated ester, triethanolamine salt;
Polyethylene glycol C11-15 alkyl ether sulfate triethanolamine salt;
Category
Anionic Surfactant
>> Sulfate
>> Alcohol Polyether Sulfate
>> Alcohol Polyoxyethylene Ether Sulfate
>> Linear Alkanol Polyoxyethylene Ether Sulfate
Chemical Numbering System
CASRN：N/A
EINECS：N/A
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: N/A; (C2H4O)n.C11H24O4S.C6H15N1O3 - (C2H4O)n.C15H32O4S.C6H15N1O3 (SciFinder Hill Rules)
Molecular Weight: N/A
Structure
R: C11-15.
Properties
Appearance (1), liquid; (2), solid; (3), paste.
Odor faint characteristic odor.
Solubility soluble in water. The solubility increases with the increase of EO number.
Stability stable in alkali, weak acid and hard water; unstable in strong acid, easily hydrolyzes.
Risk Liquid form: irritation, low irritation to skin, eye. Under the same hydrophobic base, with the increase of EO number, toxicity and irritation decrease, in general, the EO number is greater than 5, the decline is significantly smaller, tends to flat.
GHS (Rev.6) label: 
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent cleansing, foaming, emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, solubilizing, foam stabilizing abilities. Resistant to hard water. Performance is affected by EO number, such as: with the increase of EO number, cleansing capability decreases, solubilization capacity increases. Easily thicken, can provides good viscosity. Mild. Easily yellowing.
Note (1), Do not use in children products that can be direct prolonged contact with the skin, such as: skin care products.
(2), 1,4-dioxane generated during preparation: probable carcinogen. However, can be acceptable when concentration of 1,4-dioxane is less than 30ppm or less.
(3), Avoid using in children cleaning products, such as: shampoos.
(4), Do not use in nitrosating environment. Reaction of triethanolamine and nitrous acid can not produce nitrosamines, however, reaction of contained secondary amine of triethanolamine and nitrous acid can produce nitrosamines. Nitrosamine is a carcinogen.
Synthesis
Currently, sulfated reaction through continuous reactor (such as: falling film reactor) is the most widely used method for preparing sulfates.
1. Synthesis of polyether
Obtain by polymerization reaction of C11-15 alkyl alcohol and ethylene oxide.
For further information, see:
US patent 4,223,163 Process for making ethoxylated fatty alcohols with narrow polyethoxy chain distribution; US patent 4,967,017 Alcohol ethoxylates of reduced EO content or residual PO content; US patent 5,069,817 Process for making polyoxyethylene surfactants with desirable low temperature behavior, etc.
2. Synthesis of sulfate
C11-15 alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and sulfur trioxide react through reactor, then triethanolamine neutralizes, finally obtain product.
US patent 8,921,588 (Process for preparing sulfates and/or sulfonates in a micro-reaction system) presents a synthetic process. Conditions: mole ratio of sulfur trioxide and polyethers or other raw materials: 1:1; temperature: 30-60°C; reactor: falling film reactor.
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1. Physical and chemical indexes
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Item
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Physical and chemical indexes
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Liquid
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Actives, %, ≥
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25.0 - 70.0
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Unsulfated materials, %, ≤
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0.3 - 2.5
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pH (25°C, 10% solution)
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6.0 - 8.5
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Density, g/mL, 25°C, approx
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1.02
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1,4-Dioxane, ppm, ≤
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30
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Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 5173 Surface active agents and detergents－Determination of anionic-active matter by direct two-phase titration procedure
ISO 2271 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Determination of anionic-active matter by manual or mechanical direct two-phase titration procedure
(2), Unsulfated materials
GB/T 11989 Anionic surface active agents - Determination of soluble matter content in light petroleum
ISO 894 Surface active agents -- Technical sodium primary alkylsulphates -- Methods of analysis
(3), pH
GB/T 6368 Surface active agents - Determination of pH of aqueous solution - Potentiometric method
ISO 4316 Surface active agents -- Determination of pH of aqueous solutions -- Potentiometric method
(4), Density
GB/T 4472 Determination of density and relative density for chemical products
ISO 758 Liquid chemical products for industrial use -- Determination of density at 20 degrees C
(5), 1,4-Dioxane
GB/T 26388 Determination of dioxane residues in surfactants - Gas chromatographic method
ISO 17280 Surface active agents -- Determination of 1,4-dioxan residues in surfactants obtained from epoxyethane by gas chromatography
2. Hazardous substances indexes
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Item
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Hazardous substances indexes
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Liquid
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Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/Kg, ≤
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20
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As, mg/Kg, ≤
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3
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Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents - Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents - Determination of total arsenic
3. Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances; or furtherly test for microorganisms.
(c), Generally, TEA C11-15 pareth sulfate and TEA laureth sulfate replace to use each other.
Major Uses
1. Typical applications
Use as cleansing agent.
Use as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
Use as foam stabilizing agent, foaming agent.
Use as solubilizing agent.
2. Personal care products
Cleansing agent, emulsifying agent in personal care products.
For example, main ingredient or auxiliary ingredient for cleansing agent, foaming agent in shampoo, hand sanitizer and other products.
Can provides good viscosity, foam and skin compatibility.
The products that contact with the skin for a long time, not recommended to use.
* * * * * *
Further information:
(1), In accordance with EU regulations (EC) No 1223/2009, directive 2003/83/EC, TEA-C11-15 pareth sulfate is included in Annex III/62.
TEA-C11-15 pareth sulfate can be applied to leave-on products and rinse-off products.
Maximum concentration of TEA-C11-15 pareth sulfate is 2.5% in leave-on products (as triethanolamine calculated).
In raw materials, maximum secondary amine content is 0.5%.
Maximum nitrosamine content is 50μg/kg.
The container is nitrite-free.
3. Household detergents
Main ingredient or auxiliary ingredient for cleansing agent, foaming agent in laundry detergent, hard surface detergent (for example: glass detergent) and other household products.
Particularly, suitable for the preparation of high bubble and light-duty detergents.
4. Industrial cleaning agents
Main ingredient or auxiliary ingredient for cleansing agent, foaming agent in car cleaning products, metal cleaning products and other industrial cleaning products.
Particularly, suitable for the preparation of high bubble detergents, for example:car cleaning agents.
5. Emulsion polymerization
Emulsifier, particle size controlling agent in emulsion polymerization.
6. Textile, leather
Use as emulsifier, foaming agent, cleansing agent, solubilizing agent.
7. Pets
Main ingredient or auxiliary ingredient for cleansing agent, foaming agent in shampoos and other pet products.
Product members
TEA-C11-15 pareth-2 sulfate;
TEA-C11-15 pareth-3 sulfate;
TEA-C11-15 pareth-4 sulfate;
Manufacturers
Update: 20131018(1); 20161213(2);