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Sulfuric acid, mono-C12-18-alkyl esters, ammonium salts

Time:2013-10-20 11:51:57; Reading: 6

Sulfuric acid, mono-C12-18-alkyl esters, ammonium salts

Synonyms

C12-C18 Alkyl alcohol sulfuric acid, ammonium salt;

Ammonium C12-18 alkyl sulfate;

Category

Anionic Surfactant

> Sulfate

>> Chain Alcohol Sulfate

>>> Alkanol Sulfate

>>>> Linear Alkanol Sulfate

Chemical Numbering System

CASRN: 90583-13-4

EINECS: 292-211-1

Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight

Molecular Formula: C12H29NO4S - C18H41NO4S; C12H26O4S.H3N - C18H38O4S.H3N

Molecular Weight: 283.43 - 367.59

Structure

R: C12-18.

Properties

Appearance    (1), white to light yellow gelatinous colloid; (2), white to light yellow liquid; (3), solid.

Odor    faint characteristic odor.

Solubility    soluble in water.

Hygroscopicity    Solid ammonium C12-18 alkyl sulfate: hygroscopic.

Physical - chemical properties

Flash point, °C

> 93

Stability    pH: 4~7, stable. pH < 4: hydrolyzed, reduced to alcohol. pH > 7: release ammonia. Break down when heated to high temperature for a long time. Stable in hard water.

Risk    Colloid or liquid form: irritation, moderate irritation to skin, eye. Compared with sodium C12-18 alkyl sulfate, ammonium C12-18 alkyl sulfate has lower toxicity and irritation.

GHS (Rev.10) label: 

Ecology    may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.

Biodegradability    biodegradable.

Characteristics    excellent foaming, cleansing, emulsifying, wetting, permeating, dispersing, solubilizing abilities. Resistant to hard water. Particularly suitable for preparation of a low pH value (neutral to weakly acidic) products.

Ammonium C12-18 alkyl sulfate and ammonium C12-18 pareth sulfate complexes can produce excellent synergies, such as: rich foam, very mild, excellent thickening properties.

Note    (1), Avoid using in children products that can be direct prolonged contact with the skin, such as: skin care products.

Synthesis

Currently, sulfated reaction through continuous reactor (such as: falling film reactor) is the most widely used method for preparing sulfates.

Generally, C12-18 alkyl alcohol and sulfur trioxide react through reactor, then ammonia water neutralizes, finally obtain product.

US patent 8,921,588 (Process for preparing sulfates and/or sulfonates in a micro-reaction system) presents a synthetic process. Conditions: mole ratio of sulfur trioxide and alcohols or other raw materials: 1:1; temperature: 30-60°C; reactor: falling film reactor.

Quality Standards & Test Methods

1, Physical and chemical indexes

Item

Physical and chemical indexes

68 type

28 type

25 type

Actives, %, ≥

66 - 70

27 - 29

24 - 26

Unsulfated materials, %, ≤

4.0

1.5

1.5

(NH4)2SO4, %, ≤

2.0

1.0

1.0

NH4Cl, %, ≤

0.5

0.3

0.3

pH (25°C, 10% solution)

5.5 - 7.0

5.5 - 7.0

5.5 - 7.0

Color Hazen (5% solution), ≤

30

30

30

Fe, mg/Kg, ≤

5

5

5

Density, g/mL, approx.

1.0

1.0

1.0

Test Methods

(1), Actives

GB/T 5173 Surface active agents and detergents-Determination of anionic-active matter by direct two-phase titration procedure

ISO 2271 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Determination of anionic-active matter by manual or mechanical direct two-phase titration procedure

(2), Unsulfated materials

GB/T 11989 Anionic surface active agents - Determination of soluble matter content in light petroleum

ISO 894 Surface active agents -- Technical sodium primary alkylsulphates -- Methods of analysis

(3), (NH4)2SO4

GB/T 6366 Surface active agents - Determination of mineral sulfate content - Titrimetric method

ISO 6844 Surface active agents -- Determination of mineral sulfate content -- Titrimetric method

ISO 894 Surface active agents -- Technical sodium primary alkylsulphates -- Methods of analysis

(4), NH4Cl

GB/T 15963 Sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium chloride calculated.

ISO 894 Surface active agents -- Technical sodium primary alkylsulphates -- Methods of analysis

(5), pH

GB/T 6368 Surface active agents - Determination of pH of aqueous solution - Potentiometric method

ISO 4316 Surface active agents -- Determination of pH of aqueous solutions -- Potentiometric method

(6), Color (Hazen)

GB/T 3143 Color determination method of liquid chemicals(Hazen unit;Platinum-cobalt scale)

ISO 2211 Liquid chemical products -- Measurement of colour in Hazen units (platinum-cobalt scale)

(7), Fe content

GB/T 3049 Chemical products for industrial use - General method for determination of iron content – 1,10-Phenanthroline spectrophotometric method

ISO 6685 Chemical products for industrial use -- General method for determination of iron content -- 1,10-Phenanthroline spectrophotometric method

(8), Density

GB/T 4472 Determination of density and relative density for chemical products

ISO 758 Liquid chemical products for industrial use -- Determination of density at 20 degrees C

2, Hazardous substances indexes

Item

Hazardous substances indexes

68 type

28 type

25 type

Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/Kg, ≤

20

20

20

As, mg/Kg, ≤

3

3

3

Test Methods

(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)

Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)

GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents - Determination of heavy metals

(2), As

Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)

GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents - Determination of total arsenic

3, Further explanation

(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.

(b), Generally, ammonium C12-18 alkyl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate replace to use each other.

Major Uses

1, Typical applications

Use as cleansing agent.

Use as foaming agent.

Use as dispersing agent, emulsifying agent.

2, Household detergents

Main ingredient or auxiliary ingredient for cleansing agent, foaming agent in laundry detergent and other household products, such as: wool products cleaning agent.

3, Industrial cleaning agents

Use as cleansing agent, foaming agent.

4, Emulsion polymerization

Emulsifier, particle size controlling agent in emulsion polymerization.

5, Pets

Main ingredient or auxiliary ingredient for cleansing agent, foaming agent in shampoos and other pet products.

6, Textile, leather

Use as emulsifier, foaming agent, cleansing agent, wetting agent, antistatic agent, solubilizing agent.

Manufacturers

 

Update: 20161108(1);

Document

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[Terminology] Vesicle

Pandect of Ester surfactants (1): Definition

[Terminology] Van Der Waals force

[Terminology] Micellar aggregation number

Standard

Test methods of surfactants, catalog, Chinese national standards

Surfactants, catalog, Chinese national standards

Test methods of materials, catalog, Chinese national standards

Basic standards of materials, catalog, Chinese national standards

Test methods of textile auxiliaries, catalog, Chinese national standards