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Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate

Time:2012-09-25 16:53:54; Reading: 268

Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate

Synonyms

2-Ethylhexyl sulfate sodium salt;

2-Ethyl-1-Hexanol Sodium Sulfate;

2-Ethyl-1-Hexanol Sulfate Sodium Salt;

Sodium(2-Ethylhexyl)Alcohol Sulfate;

Sulfuric Acid, Mono(2-Ethylhexyl) Ester, Sodium Salt;

Sodium ethylhexyl sulfate;

Category

Anionic Surfactant

> Sulfate

>> Chain Alcohol Sulfate

>>> Alkanol Sulfate

>>>> Branched Alkanol Sulfate

Chemical Numbering System

CASRN:126-92-1

EINECS:204-812-8

Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight

Molecular Formula: C8H17NaO4S; C8H18O4S.Na

Molecular Weight: 232.27

Structure

Properties

Appearance    (1), solid; (2), amber liquid.

Odor    faint characteristic odor.

Solubility    soluble in water.

Physical - chemical properties

Flash point, °C

> 93

Stability    stable in alkali, weak acid and hard water; unstable in strong acid, hydrolyzed, reduced to alcohol.

Risk    Solid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.

GHS (Rev.10) label:  

Liquid form: irritation, irritation to skin, eye.

GHS (Rev.10) label: 

Animal Toxicity

Table 1 Animal toxicity values

rat oral LD50

4000mg/kg[1]

rat intraperitoneal LD50

320mg/kg[1]

rat subcutaneous LD50

4730mg/kg[1]

rat inhalation LC

> 30mg/m3/8H[1]

rabbit oral LD50

3580mg/kg[1]

rabbit skin LD50

6.54mL/kg[1]

mouse oral LD50

1550mg/kg[1]

guinea pig oral LD50

650mg/kg[1]

guinea pig skin LDLo

1520mg/kg[1]

Ecology    may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.

Biodegradability    biodegradable.

Characteristics    excellent wetting, permeating, cleansing, emulsifying, hydrotropic, dispersing, solubilizing abilities. Resistant to hard water. Low foaming. Tolerance to high concentration electrolytes. Tolerance to alkali. Stable to bleach.

Note    (1), Avoid using in children cleaning products, such as shower gels, shampoo, skin care products.

Synthesis

Currently, sulfated reaction through continuous reactor (such as: falling film reactor) is the most widely used method for preparing sulfates.

Generally, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol and sulfur trioxide react through reactor, then sodium hydroxide neutralizes, finally obtain product.

US patent 8,921,588 (Process for preparing sulfates and/or sulfonates in a micro-reaction system) presents a synthetic process. Conditions: mole ratio of sulfur trioxide and alcohols or other raw materials: 1:1; temperature: 30-60°C; reactor: falling film reactor.

US patent 6,060,443 (Mid-chain branched alkyl sulfate surfactants) also presents some synthesis processes of branched chain sulfate.

US patent 6,455,488 (Process of making alkyl sulfate granulates) describes the preparation of a particulate alkyl sulfate, but does not involve the synthesis process.

US patent US 6,331,645 (Process for preparing powdery alkyl sulfates) describes the preparation of a powdery alkyl sulfate, but does not involve the synthesis process.

Quality Standards & Test Methods

1, Physical and chemical indexes

Item

Physical and chemical indexes

Liquid

Actives, %, ≥

39.0 - 40.0

Soluble materials in petroleum ether, %, ≤

0.6

Sodium chloride, %, ≤

0.8

Sodium sulfate, %, ≤

1.0

pH (25°C, 10% solution)

7.5-10.5

Color, APHA (10% solution), ≤

135

Test Methods

(1), Actives

GB/T 5173 Surface active agents and detergents-Determination of anionic-active matter by direct two-phase titration procedure

ISO 2271 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Determination of anionic-active matter by manual or mechanical direct two-phase titration procedure

(2), Soluble materials in petroleum ether

GB/T 11989 Anionic surface active agents - Determination of soluble matter content in light petroleum

ISO 894 Surface active agents -- Technical sodium primary alkylsulphates -- Methods of analysis

(3), Sodium chloride

GB/T 15963 Sodium lauryl sulfate

ISO 894 Surface active agents -- Technical sodium primary alkylsulphates -- Methods of analysis

(4), Sodium sulfate

GB/T 15963 Sodium lauryl sulfate

ISO 894 Surface active agents -- Technical sodium primary alkylsulphates -- Methods of analysis

(5), pH

GB/T 6368 Surface active agents - Determination of pH of aqueous solution - Potentiometric method

ISO 4316 Surface active agents -- Determination of pH of aqueous solutions -- Potentiometric method

(6), Color

GB/T 605 Chemical reagent - General method for the measurement of colour

ISO 6353-1 Reagents for chemical analysis -- Part 1: General test methods

2, Hazardous substances indexes

Item

Hazardous substances indexes

Solid

Liquid

Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/Kg, ≤

20

20

As, mg/Kg, ≤

3

3

Test Methods

(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)

Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)

GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents - Determination of heavy metals

(2), As

Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)

GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents - Determination of total arsenic

3, Further explanation

(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.

Major Uses

1, Typical applications

Use as wetting agent, permeating agent under alkaline conditions widely.

Use as hydrotrope.

2, Household detergents

Use as cleansing agent.

Particularly suitable for formula containing bleach.

(2a), Bathroom detergent (US 4,124,520)

Formula:

Hexylene glycol    1.0

Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid    0.3

Sodium hydroxide    0.0126

o-Benzyl-4-chlorophenol    0.15

Tetrasodium EDTA (38%)    12.5

Perfume    0.08

Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate (40%)    4.5

Isopropyl alcohol    2.5

Water    to 100%

(2b), Hard surface detergent (US 6,036,789)

Formula:

Sodium hydroxide    0.6

Sodium hypochlorite    2.5

Fragrance    0.1

Sodium carbonate    5.25

Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate (40%)    1.0

Deionized water    q.s. to 100%

  Features: especially suitable for cleaning ceramic tile surface, can remove soap scum residue.

Patent similar to this: United States Patent 6,022,840 Aqueous cleaning compositions containing 2-ethylhexyl sulfate and C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 alkyldimethylamine oxide for removing soap scum.

3, Personal care products

Use as emulsifying agent, hydrotrope.

4, Industrial cleaning agents

Use as cleansing agent.

5, Emulsion polymerization

Emulsifier, particle size controlling agent in emulsion polymerization.

6, Electroplating industry

Solubilizing agent, nickel-brightener in electroplating industry.

7, Surfactant system

Viscosity reducer in mixed surfactant system.

Manufacturers

 

References

[1]: ChemIDplus. Sodium Ethasulfate, 126-92-1

Update: 20131018(1); 20160810(2);

Document

[Terminology] Dispersion system

[Terminology] Vesicle

Pandect of Ester surfactants (1): Definition

[Terminology] Van Der Waals force

[Terminology] Micellar aggregation number

Standard

Test methods of surfactants, catalog, Chinese national standards

Surfactants, catalog, Chinese national standards

Test methods of materials, catalog, Chinese national standards

Basic standards of materials, catalog, Chinese national standards

Test methods of textile auxiliaries, catalog, Chinese national standards